18 November, 2015

vi editor

Introduction
vi  pronounced as ” vee eye ” is a unix editor available on almost all the unix  operating systems , solaris , bsd ,aix , hpux etc.
This document is a quick reference to vi editor and will be of help if your are new to unix , learning unix  or just refreshing your vi knowledge after a few years.
Requirements:
In order to work correctly the vi need  correct terminal type (TERM) setting  .The TERM setting depends on the   type of terminal you have . Commonly used TERM types are vt100 , vt220 and ansi .  In most cases vt100 will  work  fine . In case  vi is not able to understand the TERM you have given, it starts in open mode   giving you a line by line display .
Generally TERM is taken from .profile or  /etc/profile  but can be set at the command line as :
$TERM=vt100
$export TERM
echo $TERM will display the current TERM set.
Create new file or  Open existing file in vi
vi without any file name will open a   new file where you can enter the text and edit but while coming out you will  be asked to enter a valid file name to save the text.  vi with a  file name as argument will  open that file for editing  if the file already exists it opens it  otherwise it creates a new file by the argument.
Example :  $vi  testfile
Creates or opens the existing file called testfile
Modes in vi
vi operates in following  two modes :
i. ) Command Mode : After a file is opened it is opened  in command
mode ,that is , input from the keyboard will be treated as vi commands
and you will not see the words you are typing on the screen .
ii.) Insert Mode: To enter the text you have to put vi in insert  by pressing ‘i’ or ‘a’  after  which you can add the text and whatever is being type will be seen on the  screen. . To switch between these mode Esc key is used .   Esc i
(text mode)  Esc (command mode)
Saving  & Exiting  vi editor
You can exit vi in different ways :
1.) Quit without saving : If you don’t  want to save the work :q  will take you out without saving  your editing in vi.
2.) Write & quit : . Simple :w saves the current file but don’t exit. For save and quit  :wq is  used in vi.
3.) Forced Quite : An ! (Exclamation  sign at the end of  exit commands ( :q! , :wq! )  causes a forced  quit from vi  after ignoring editing (for :q!)  or writing (for :wq!)  all the change

Vi Commands – Reference
Moving Cursor in File
Lefth
Rightl
Upk
Downj
Line
Beginning^ or B
end$
Sentence
Next sentance)
Previous sentance(
Paragraph
Next}
Previous{
file
Go to end of file:$
on chacter forword:w
One word forword:W
go to a line number:line_number
display file info .^g
Inserting and appending text
inserts text to the left of cursori
nserts in the beginning of lineI
appends text to right of cursora
appends to the end of lineA
Adding new line
add a new line below the current lineo
adds a new line above the current line.O
Deleting the text :
deletes text above the textx
deletes text character on right of cursorX
deletes line 2020d
deletes current linedd
delete till end of current line.D
Replacing a character & word
replace the character above the cursor.r
replces characters until Esc is pressed.R
replaces the word from cursor to the end indicated by $ sign .cw
replaces till end of line.C
Substitute
subistutes current charcater.s
substitutes entire line.S
Undo last changes
undo last change.u
undo changes to the current line.U
Copy and pasting lines
copys the current line into buffer.yy
copies 5 lines from the current line.5yy
pastes the current buffer.p
Searching
Searches for the word name in the file:/name
n continues search forward.n
N searches backwardsN
Saving
saves the text does not quit.:w
saves & quit the editor .:wq!
saveZZ
Quit without savingq!
Search & Replaces/<search>/<replace>/g .
Repeating last command.
Recovering a unsaved vi file.
vi -r filename

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